What is Selenium? 
  • Selenium is a free (open source) automated testing suite for web applications across different browsers and platforms. It is quite similar to HP Quick Test Pro (QTP now UFT) only that Selenium focuses on automating web-based applications. 
  • Testing done using Selenium tool is usually referred as Selenium Testing. 
  • Selenium is not just a single tool but a suite of software's, each catering to different testing needs of an organization. 
It has four components. 
 Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE) 
 Selenium Remote Control (RC) 
 WebDriver 
 Selenium Grid

Who developed Selenium? 
  • Since Selenium is a collection of different tools, it had different developers as well. Below are the key persons who made notable contributions to the Selenium Project
  • Primarily, Selenium was created by Jason Huggins in 2004. An engineer at ThoughtWorks, he was working on a web application that required frequent testing. Having realized that the repetitious Manual Testing of their application was becoming more and more inefficient, he created a JavaScript program that would automatically control the browser's actions. He named this program as the "JavaScriptTestRunner."
  • Seeing potential in this idea to help automate other web applications, he made JavaScriptRunner open-source which was later re-named as Selenium Core.
Introduction to Selenium


Brief Introduction Selenium IDE 
  • Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is the simplest framework in the Selenium suite and is the easiest one to learn. 
  • It is a Firefox plugin that you can install as easily as you can with other plugins. However, because of its simplicity, Selenium IDE should only be used as a prototyping tool. 
  • If you want to create more advanced test cases, you will need to use either Selenium RC or WebDriver.
Brief Introduction Selenium Remote Control (Selenium RC)
  • Selenium RC was the flagship testing framework of the whole Selenium project for a long time. 
  • This is the first automated web testing tool that allowed users to use a programming language they prefer. As of version 2.25.0, 
  • RC can support the following programming languages: 
              Java 
              C# 
              PHP 
              Python 
              Perl 
              Ruby

Selenium Grid 
  • Selenium Grid is a tool used together with Selenium RC to run parallel tests across different machines and different browsers all at the same time. 
  • Parallel execution means running multiple tests at once. 
Features: 
Enables simultaneous running of tests in multiple browsers and environments. 
 Saves time enormously. 
 Utilizes the hub-and-nodes concept. The hub acts as a central source of Selenium commands to each node connected to it.


Download link for more Detail: Introduction to Selenium


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